Ikibaho kiboneyeni ngombwa imashini zikora ibiti nibikoresho byimbaho zishingiye ku biti hamwe nimirongo ikora ibikoresho byo mu biti.Ahanini ikoreshwa kuri pani, ibice, fibre, icyuma, laminate, ikibaho, gutema ibiti bikomeye hamwe nintebe za plastike kugirango bigabanuke igihe kirekire, byambukiranya ibice cyangwa bitunganijwe neza kugirango ubone panne ifite ibipimo byujuje ibisobanuro.
Mu ntangiriro ya za 1980, igihugu cyanjye cyatangijeIkibaho cyuzuye.Nyuma yimyaka mirongo igogorwa, kwinjiza no kwiteza imbere, tekinoroji yaIkibaho cyuzuyeByakomeje kunozwa.Ubu, amagana yinganda zo murugo zifite umusaruro mwinshiIkibaho cyuzuye, gushiraho inyungu nziza zubukungu n’imibereho myiza yinganda zitunganya.ArikoIkibaho cyuzuyenizindi mashini zikora ibiti zizasohora urusaku rwinshi mugihe kimwe.Turabizi ko urusaku rugira ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwabantu.Gukora umwanya muremure ahantu h’urusaku rukomeye bizumva bikabije kandi bitagushimishije, biganisha ku kumva.Buhoro buhoro, imikorere mibi ya physiologique, murwego rwo kurinda ubuzima bwumukoresha, abakora imashini zikora ibiti bamenya ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka kumasaku adafite imitwaro yaIkibaho cyuzuye, kandi utange uburyo bumwe bwo kugabanya urusaku mugushushanya no gukoraIkibaho cyuzuye.tanga ishingiro ryizewe.
Urusaku rwaIkibaho cyuzuye
1. Urusaku rwo guhindagurika
Urusaku rwo kunyeganyega rwubatswe rugizwe ahanini nibice bine bikurikira
a.Inyeganyega ryakozwe mugihe icyuma gikuru kibonye hamwe numugisha wabonye icyuma kizunguruka, uruziga ruzunguruka mubusanzwe rufite eccentricité hagati yikigo cya misa nigitereko kizunguruka bitewe nibintu bitaringaniye, inenge yubusa, guhindura ubushyuhe, gutunganya cyangwa gutunganya amakosa yo guterana, nibindi. Imbaraga zidafite imbaraga za centrifugal zibyara mugihe igiti kizunguruka, bigatuma kinyeganyega kandi kigatera urusaku.
b.Urusaku rwatewe no guhuza ibice byubukanishi, n urusaku rwatewe no guhuza imikoranire hagati yibikomeye.
c.Urusaku rutangwa mugikorwa cyo kohereza ingufu.Usibye urusaku rwatewe no guterana amagambo, kuzunguruka no kugira ingaruka mu ihererekanyabubasha, ihererekanyabubasha ridahwanye rizanatuma ibice bya mashini bihinda umushyitsi kandi bitera urusaku.
e.Urusaku rwatewe na moteri ubwayo.
2. Urusaku rw'indege
Iyaruka ry'urusaku rw'indege biterwa ahanini no gushiraho umurima utemba mu gace gakikije icyuma kibonye iyo kizunguruka, kandi imikoranire hagati yicyuma kibisi nicyuma ubwacyo mugihe cyimigezi.Iyo umuvuduko wo gutembera uhindutse, umwuka uzenguruka uruziga rwinyo hamwe n amenyo yabonetse azabyara imivurungano, imivurungano ya eddy nibindi bintu, bizatera gaze kunyeganyega, bityo bigatera urusaku rwindege.Urusaku rwa aerodinamike rwasohowe nuruziga ruzunguruka ruzenguruka rufite isoko imwe icyarimwe, bityo urusaku rwindege rwasohowe nicyuma kibonye mumasaha azunguruka nigisubizo cyibikorwa icyarimwe cyamasoko atandukanye yingufu, kubwibyo rero biragoye inzira.
3. Inzira zo kugabanya urusaku rwaIkibaho cyuzuye
Urusaku rwatanzwe naIkibaho cyuzuyemugihe cyo gukora bidafite ahanini urusaku rwinyeganyeza rwubaka n urusaku rwindege.Uburyo bwombi buratandukanye rwose, kugabanya urusaku rutagira umutwaro bigomba guhera kuri izi ngingo zombi.
Kunyeganyega byubatswe n urusaku biterwa nibintu nko kutaringaniza sisitemu nyamukuru yibiti, kudahuza uruziga runini, no kurekura kwifata.Kubwibyo, nta gushidikanya ko ari ingirakamaro kwemeza ubwinshi bwuruziga runini, ubwiza bwiteranirizo bwibiti byingenzi, no gukomeza icyuma kinini.Ingamba zo kugabanya urusaku, hiyongereyeho, gukarisha ibyuma byabugenewe bigomba no kwemeza kuringaniza icyuma kibisi, gishobora gutuma imbaraga zishimishije zicyuma kibona mugihe cyo kuzunguruka no kongera urusaku rwinyeganyeza.
Urusaku rwo mu kirere ruterwa no gushiraho umurima utemba mu gace gakikije icyuma kinini iyo kizunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi.Imikoranire hagati yinzoka nini nicyuma kinini cyibihe bigenda neza bivamo umurima winguvu, utanga urusaku rwindege.Ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka kumyuka yindege ya aerodynamic ni umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka wicyuma gikuru cyinshi, umubare w amenyo yinyo, imiterere yubunini hamwe nubunini bwibipimo byicyatsi kibisi hamwe nibindi bitandukanya, nibindi rero, kugabanya umuvuduko wicyuma kibonye kandi gukoresha icyuma gifite amenyo menshi ashoboka bizagabanya urusaku rwaIkibaho cyuzuye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-19-2022